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1 -less o fewer?-
Nota d'usoLess si usa con nomi non numerabili come money, rice, mud: less money, meno denaro; less rice, meno riso; less mud, meno fango. Fewer si usa, invece, con nomi numerabili, come orange, visitor: fewer oranges, meno arance; fewer visitors, meno visitatori. -
2 fewer
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3 ♦ less
♦ less /lɛs/(compar. di little)A a.meno; minore; più piccolo: Four is less than five, quattro è meno di cinque; Less noise, please!, meno rumore, prego!; It should take less time, dovrebbe volerci meno tempo NOTA D'USO: - meno (less / fewer)-B n.C avv.meno; di meno: You should work less, dovresti lavorare di meno; I earn much less than you, guadagno molto meno di te; You are less diligent than your sister, sei meno diligente di tua sorellaD prep.meno: a month less two days, un mese meno due giorni● less and less, sempre meno □ less frequently, meno di frequente; più di rado □ less-than-average, sotto la media □ ( boxe, ipp., ecc.) less-than-average weight, sottopeso (sost.) □ (in frasi neg.) any the less, non meno; lo stesso: I don't love her any the less, le voglio bene lo stesso □ to get less, diminuire; scemare; prendere (o ricevere, guadagnare) meno (di) □ to grow less, rimpicciolirsi; diminuire □ in less than no time, in un batter d'occhio; in men che non si dica □ more or less, più o meno; all'incirca: I've got 40 pounds, more or less, ho circa 40 sterline □ no less ( a person) than, nientemeno che ( detto di una persona importante) □ no less than, non meno di; per lo meno: It takes no less than three hours to get there, ci vogliono non meno di tre ore per arrivarci □ none the less, nondimeno; cionondimeno; tuttavia □ still less, tanto meno; meno che mai □ The less you work, the less you earn, meno lavori, meno guadagni.NOTA D'USO: - less o fewer?- -
4 ...less
[lɪs]SUFFIX sin LESS THAN, FEWER THAN
"Menos... que" or "menos... de"?
► Use menos with que before nouns and pronouns (provided they are not followed by clauses) as well as before adverbs and prepositions:
He has less money than his sister Tiene menos dinero que su hermana
He sells less/fewer than I do or than me Vende menos que yo
These days I'm much less shy than before Hoy en día soy mucho menos tímido que antes ► Use menos... de lo que/del que/de la que/de los que/ de las que with following clauses:
He earns less than I thought Gana menos de lo que yo creía
They have 16 seats - five fewer than they had before these elections Tienen 16 escaños - cinco menos de los que tenían antes de estas elecciones
It provides the body with fewer calories than it needs Proporciona al organismo menos calorías de las que necesita ► Use menos with de before lo + ((adjective/past participle)):
The price of wheat went up less than expected El precio del trigo subió menos de lo previsto ► Use menos with de in comparisons involving numbers or quantity:
... in less than eight seconds...... en menos de ocho segundos...
You won't get it for less than 4,000 euros No lo conseguirás por menos de 4.000 euros NOTE: But use que instead in emphatic expressions like nada menos que and ni más ni menos que e ven when followed by numbers:
They offered him no less than 100,000 euros a year! ¡Le ofrecieron nada menos que or ni más ni menos que 100.000 euros al año!
A lot less, far fewer
► When translating a lot less, far fewer {etc} remember to make the mucho in mucho menos agree with any noun it describes or refers to:
These bulbs use a lot less electricity than conventional ones Estas bombillas gastan mucha menos electricidad que las normales
They have had far fewer opportunities than wealthy people Han gozado de muchas menos oportunidades que la gente rica For further uses and examples, see fewer, less -
5 less
1. adjectiveof less value/importance/account or note — weniger wertvoll/wichtig/bedeutend
his chances are less than mine — seine Chancen sind geringer als meine
2. adverbless talking, please — etwas mehr Ruhe, bitte
I think less/no less of him after what he did — ich halte nicht mehr so viel/nicht weniger von ihm, seit er das getan hat
less and less [often] — immer seltener
the less so because... — um so weniger, als od. weil...
3. noun, no pl., no indef. art.even or still/far or much less — noch/viel weniger
the less said [about it] the better — je weniger man darüber sagt, um so besser
in less than no time — (joc.) in Null Komma nichts (ugs.)
less of that! — (coll.) Schluss damit!
4. prepositionless of your cheek! — (coll.) sei nicht so frech!
* * *[les] 1. adjective((often with than) not as much (as): Think of a number less than forty; He drank his tea and wished he had put less sugar in it; The salary for that job will be not less than $30,000.) weniger2. adverb(not as much or to a smaller extent: I like her less every time I see her; You should smoke less if you want to remain healthy.) weniger3. pronoun(a smaller part or amount: He has less than I have.) weniger4. preposition(minus: He earns $280 a week less $90 income tax.) abzüglich- academic.ru/42527/lessen">lessen- lesser 5. adverb(less: the lesser-known streets of London.) weniger- the less... the less/more- no less a person than* * *[les]1. (to a smaller extent) wenigeryou should work more and talk \less du solltest mehr arbeiten und weniger redengetting out of bed in summer is \less difficult than in winter im Sommer fällt das Aufstehen leichter als im WinterI think of him \less as a colleague and more as a friend ich betrachte ihn eher als Freund denn als Kollegen\less of your cheek! sei nicht so frech!he listened \less to the answer than to Kate's voice er hörte weniger auf die Antwort als auf Kates Stimmethe \less... the better je weniger..., umso besserthe \less said about this unpleasant business the better je weniger über diese unerfreuliche Sache geredet wird, umso besser\less expensive/happy/sad billiger/unglücklicher/glücklicherthe more..., the \less... je mehr..., desto weniger...the more she hears about the place, the \less she wants to go there je mehr sie über den Ort erfährt, desto weniger will sie hin▪ no \less a/an...:that this is a positive stereotype makes it no \less a stereotype dass das ein positives Vorurteil ist, ändert nichts daran, dass es ein Vorurteil ist\less and \less immer wenigershe phones me \less and \less sie ruft mich immer weniger anhis uncle is \less and \less able to look after himself sein Onkel kann immer weniger für sich sorgen2. (not the least bit)▪ \less than... kein bisschen...\less than accurate/fair/just/happy nicht gerade genau/fair/gerecht/glücklichit is little \less than disgraceful that he refused to keep his promises es ist mehr als schändlich, dass er seine Versprechen nicht eingehalten hat3.we'll have the pizzas delivered in \less than no time wir liefern die Pizzas in null Komma nichtsyou stir the ingredients together, pop it in the oven and in \less than no time, it's ready mischen Sie die Zutaten, schieben Sie die Masse in den Ofen und schon ist es fertigat the age of fourteen I had never even been on a train, much \less an aircraft mit 14 war ich noch nie mit dem Zug gefahren, geschweige denn geflogenwhat woman would consider a date with him, much \less a marriage? welche Frau würde mit ihm ausgehen, geschweige denn, ihn heiratenwho should arrive at the party but the Prime Minister, no \less! und wer war wohl auch auf der Party? der Premierminister, höchstpersönlich!Peter cooked dinner — fillet steak and champagne, no \less Peter kochte das Abendessen — Filetsteak und Champagner, nur das Beste▶ no \less... than... kein geringerer/kein geringeres/keine geringere... als...no \less an occasion than their twenty-fifth wedding anniversary kein geringerer Anlass als ihr 25. HochzeitstagII. adjI had \less money than I thought ich hatte weniger Geld als ich dachteI eat \less chocolate and fewer biscuits than I used to ich esse weniger Schokolade und Kekse als früherthe \less time spent here, the better je weniger Zeit man hier verbringt, umso besser2. (non-standard use of fewer) wenigerthe trees have produced \less apples this year die Bäume tragen heute weniger Äpfelshort hair presents \less problems than long hair kurzes Haar verursacht weniger Probleme als langes▪ ... the L\less der JüngereJames the L\less Jakobus der Jüngere1. (smaller amount) wenigershe is aged 40 or \less sie ist 40 oder jüngerhe only has $10 but she has even \less! er hat nur 10 Dollar, sie noch wenigerI've been trying to eat \less ich versuche, weniger zu essena little/lot \less etwas/viel wenigerthat's too much — could I have a little \less? das ist zu viel — könnte ich etwas weniger haben?▪ to be/do \less of sth:I've been seeing \less of her lately ich sehe sie in letzter Zeit weniger\less of a problem ein geringeres Problemstorage is \less of a problem than it used to be die Lagerung ist heute ein kleineres Problem als früher▪ \less than... weniger als...we had walked \less than three kilometres when Robert said he wanted to rest wir hatten noch keine drei Kilometer hinter uns, als Robert eine Pause machen wollteready in \less than an hour in weniger als einer Stunde fertighe doesn't have many enemies but she has even \less er hat nicht viele Feinde, sie noch viel weniger▪ \less than... weniger als...a population of \less than 200,000 weniger als 200.000 Menschen3.▶ to be little \less than sth fast schon etw seinit was little \less than disgraceful es war fast schon eine Schandehis speech was so full of bad jokes and misinformation that it was little \less than an embarrassment seine Rede war so voll mit schlechten Scherzen und falscher Information, dass es fast schon peinlich war▶ no \less than... nicht weniger als..., bestimmt...no \less than 1000 guests/people were at the party es waren nicht weniger als [o bestimmt] 1000 Gäste/Leute auf der PartyIV. prepthe total of £30, \less the £5 deposit you've paid insgesamt macht es 30 Pfund, abzüglich der 5 Pfund Anzahlung, die Sie geleistet haben£900,000 \less tax 900.000 Pfund brutto* * *[les]1. adj, adv, nwenigerof less importance — von geringerer Bedeutung, weniger bedeutend
less noise, please! — nicht so laut, bitte!
his problem is less one of money than of enthusiasm — sein Problem ist weniger das Geld als vielmehr mangelnde Begeisterung
a sum less than £1 — eine Summe unter £ 1
it's nothing less than disgraceful/than a disaster — es ist wirklich eine Schande/ein Unglück nt
this is nothing less than blackmail —
it was little less than blackmail — das war schon fast Erpressung, das war so gut wie Erpressung
he was less frightened than angry — er war nicht so sehr ängstlich, sondern eher ärgerlich
less quickly —
he works less than I ( do) — er arbeitet weniger als ich
none the less — trotzdem, nichtsdestoweniger
their apology did not make him any the less angry — ihre Entschuldigung konnte seinen Ärger nicht besänftigen
I hope you won't think (any the) less of me — ich hoffe, du denkst nicht schlecht von mir
x is less than/not less than 10 (Math) — x ist kleiner/kleiner (oder) gleich 10
2. prepweniger; (COMM) abzüglich* * *less [les]less known weniger bekannt;less noisy leiser;less and less immer weniger;the less so as (dies) umso weniger, als;less than smooth alles andere als glatt;1. geringer, kleiner, weniger:in a less degree in geringerem Grad oder Maß;of less value von geringerem Wert;he has less money er hat weniger Geld;in less time in kürzerer Zeit;no less a man than Churchill kein Geringerer als Churchill2. jünger (obs außer in):James the Less BIBEL Jakobus der Jüngereless is sometimes more weniger ist manchmal mehr;it was less than five dollars es kostete weniger als fünf Dollar;in less than no time im Nu;do with less mit weniger auskommen;for less billiger;little less than robbery so gut wie oder schon fast Raub;no less than nicht weniger als;a) zumindest,b) geradezuD präp1. weniger, minus:less interest abzüglich (der) Zinsen2. ausgenommen* * *1. adjectiveof less value/importance/account or note — weniger wertvoll/wichtig/bedeutend
2. adverbless talking, please — etwas mehr Ruhe, bitte
I think less/no less of him after what he did — ich halte nicht mehr so viel/nicht weniger von ihm, seit er das getan hat
less and less [often] — immer seltener
the less so because... — um so weniger, als od. weil...
3. noun, no pl., no indef. art.even or still/far or much less — noch/viel weniger
the less said [about it] the better — je weniger man darüber sagt, um so besser
in less than no time — (joc.) in Null Komma nichts (ugs.)
less of that! — (coll.) Schluss damit!
4. prepositionless of your cheek! — (coll.) sei nicht so frech!
* * *adj.kleiner adj.wenig adj.weniger adj. -
6 less
[les] adv1) ( to a smaller extent) weniger;you should work more and talk \less du solltest mehr arbeiten und weniger reden;getting out of bed in summer is \less difficult than in winter im Sommer fällt das Aufstehen leichter als im Winter;I think of him \less as a colleague and more as a friend ich betrachte ihn eher als Freund denn als Kollegen;\less of your cheek! sei nicht so frech!;he listened \less to the answer than to Kate's voice er hörte weniger auf die Antwort als auf Kates Stimme;the \less... the better je weniger..., umso besser;the \less said about this unpleasant business the better je weniger über diese unerfreuliche Sache geredet wird, umso besser;the more..., the \less... je mehr..., desto weniger...;the more she hears about the place, the \less she wants to go there je mehr sie über den Ort erfährt, umso weniger will sie hin;no \less a/an...;that this is a positive stereotype makes it no \less a stereotype das das ein positives Vorurteil ist, ändert nichts daran, dass es ein Vorurteil ist;\less and \less immer weniger;she phones me \less and \less sie ruft mich immer weniger an;his uncle is \less and \less able to look after himself sein Onkel kann immer weniger für sich sorgen2) ( not the least bit)\less than... kein bisschen...;it is little \less than disgraceful that he refused to keep his promises es ist mehr als schändlich, dass er seine Versprechen nicht eingehalten hatPHRASES:we'll have the pizzas delivered in \less than no time wir liefern die Pizzas in null Komma nichts;you stir the ingredients together, pop it in the oven and in \less than no time, it's ready mischen Sie die Zutaten, schieben Sie die Masse in den Ofen und schon ist es fertig;at the age of fourteen I had never even been on a train, much \less an aircraft mit 14 war ich noch nie mit dem Zug gefahren, geschweige denn geflogen;what woman would consider a date with him, much \less a marriage? welche Frau würde mit ihm ausgehen, geschweige denn, ihn heiraten;no \less (\less) niemand geringerer;who should arrive at the party but the Prime Minister, no \less! und wer war wohl auch auf der Party? der Premierminister, höchstpersönlich!;Peter cooked dinner - fillet steak and champagne, no \less Peter kochte das Abendessen - Filetsteak und Champagner, nur das Beste;no \less... than... kein geringerer/kein geringeres/keine geringere... als...;no \less an occasion than their twenty-fifth wedding anniversary kein geringerer Anlass als ihr 25. Hochzeitstag adjI had \less money than I thought ich hatte weniger Geld als ich dachte;I eat \less chocolate and fewer biscuits than I used to ich esse weniger Schokolade und Kekse als früher;the \less time spent here, the better je weniger Zeit man hier verbringt, umso besserthe trees have produced \less apples this year die Bäume tragen heute weniger Äpfel;short hair presented \less problems than long hair kurzes Haar verursachte weniger Probleme als langes3) (old: lower in rank, less important) jünger;... the L\less der Jüngere;James the L\less Jakobus der Jüngere pron1) ( smaller amount) weniger;she is aged 40 or \less sie ist 40 oder jünger;he only has $10 but she has even \less! er hat nur $10, sie noch weniger;I've been trying to eat \less ich versuche, weniger zu essen;a little/lot \less etwas/viel weniger;that's too much - could I have a little \less? das ist zu viel - könnte ich etwas weniger haben?;to be/do \less of sth;I've been seeing \less of her lately ich sehe sie in letzter Zeit weniger;\less of a problem ein geringeres Problem;storage is \less of a problem than it used to be die Lagerung ist heute ein kleineres Problem als früher;\less than... weniger als...;we had walked \less than three kilometres when Robert said he wanted to rest wir hatten noch keine drei Kilometer hinter uns, als Robert eine Pause machen wollte;ready in \less than an hour in weniger als einer Stunde fertighe doesn't have many enemies but she has even \less er hat nicht viele Feinde, sie noch viel weniger;\less than... weniger als...;a population of \less than 200,000 weniger als 200.000 MenschenPHRASES:to be little \less than sth fast schon etw sein;it was little \less than disgraceful es war fast schon eine Schande;his speech was so full of bad jokes and misinformation that it was little \less than an embarrassment seine Rede war so voll mit schlechten Scherzen und falscher Information, dass es fast schon peinlich war;no \less than... nicht weniger als..., bestimmt...;no \less than 1000 guests/ people were at the party es waren nicht weniger als [o bestimmt] 1000 Gäste/Leute auf der Party prepthe total of £30, \less the £5 deposit you've paid insgesamt macht es £30, abzüglich der £5 Anzahlung, die Sie geleistet haben;£900,000 \less tax £900.000 brutto -
7 less
1. a меньшийeight is two less than ten — восемь на два меньше, чем десять
less than search — поиск по соотношению "меньше"
the less said the better — чем меньше слов, тем лучше
little less than — не намного меньше; почти столько же
2. a менее важный; младший; второстепенныйno less a person than the manager — сам управляющий, собственной персоной
nothing less than — не менее чем; по крайней мере; не что иное, как; положительно, прямо-таки
I expected nothing less than a reprimand — я ожидал, по крайней мере, выговора
his execution was nothing less than murder — его казнь была не чем иным, как убийством
3. adv от Ihe is little less talented than his father — талантом он не намного уступает отцу; он почти так же талантлив, как отец
4. adv меньше, менееless clever than his brother — не такой умный, как его брат
jump if not less — переход по выполнению условия "не меньше"
5. adv сравнит. ст. для образования прилагательных и наречий менее6. prep безСинонимический ряд:1. fewer (adj.) deficient; diminished; fewer; lesser; minor; secondary; smaller; subordinate2. inferior (adj.) inferior; lower; nether; under -
8 less
I [les] nменьше, меньшая частьThe less I work the less I earn. — Чем меньше я работаю, тем меньше я зарабатываю.
- car is worth less II [les] adjHe would not take less. — Он не соглашался взять меньше
сравнительная степень от little, употребляется с неисчисляемыми существительными: меньше, менееWe have much less work today. — У нас сегодня намного/гораздо меньше работы.
The number of people has grown less. — Число людей уменьшилось.
I have less money than you. — У меня меньше денег, чем у тебя.
- read with less interestMore haste less speed. /The more haste the less speed. — ◊ Поспешишь - людей насмешишь. /Тише едешь, дальше будешь.
USAGE:(1.) Сравнительный оборот less... than обычно стоит после основного глагола, причем прилагательное less стоит перед определяемым существительным: I have less time than all of you у меня меньше времени, чем у вас всех. (2.) Русскому на пять (три, десять) страниц (книг, студентов) меньше соответствует конструкция с less без последующего существительного: five (three, ten) pages (books, students) less. B этом случае fewer не употребляется: the second edition contains 20 pages less than the first во втором издании на 20 страниц меньше, чем в первом. (3.) Русское словосочетание вдвое меньше в английском языке передается посредством конструкции с half: half as many для исчисляемых существительных и half as much для неисчисляемых: he has spent half as much time on it than I have он потратил вдвое меньше времени на это, чем я. Русское словосочетание "в три раза меньше, чем..." соответствует английскому three times less than... B этой конструкции после слова less существительное не употребляется: women got three times less than men did for the same job женщины за ту же работу получили втрое меньше мужчин. (4.) В сравнительных оборотах в разговорной речи предпочтительнее сочетание not so many/much: not as many (cold, high) as smthIII [les] adv - less frequent- eat less -
9 less
[les] 1. adjective((often with than) not as much (as): Think of a number less than forty; He drank his tea and wished he had put less sugar in it; The salary for that job will be not less than $30,000.) menos2. adverb(not as much or to a smaller extent: I like her less every time I see her; You should smoke less if you want to remain healthy.) menos3. pronoun(a smaller part or amount: He has less than I have.) menos4. preposition(minus: He earns $280 a week less $90 income tax.) menos- lessen- lesser 5. adverb(less: the lesser-known streets of London.) menos- no less a person than* * *less1[les] n 1 menos. 2 mínimo. 3 inferior. • adj 1 menos. 2 menor. 3 inferior. • adv menos. • prep menos. for less por menos, mais barato. in less than no time imediatamente. no less than nada mais, nada menos. the less money the fewer friends quanto menos dinheiro, tanto menos amigos. -
10 less
a сравн. степень от little, употребляется с неисчисляемыми существительными меньше, менее (1). Русскому на пять (три, десять) страниц (книг, студентов) меньше соответствует конструкция с less без последующего существительного:five (three, ten) pages (books, students) less.
В этом случае fewer не употребляется:The second edition contains 20 pages less than the first — Во втором издании на 20 страниц меньше.
(2). Русское словосочетание вдвое меньше в английском передается посредством конструкции с half: half as many для исчисляемых существительных и half as much для неисчисляемых:He has spent half as much time on it as I have — Он потратил вдвое меньше времени на это, чем я.
Русское в три раза меньше, чем соответствует английскому three times less than… В этой конструкции после слова less существительное не употребляется:Women got three times less than men did for the same job — Женщины за ту же работу получили втрое меньше мужчин.
(3). В сравнительных оборотах в разговорной речи предпочтительнее сочетание not so many/much, not as many (cold, high) as smth. (4). Сравнительный оборот less… than обычно стоит после основного глагола, причем прилагательное less стоит перед определяемым существительным:I have less time than all of you — У меня меньше времени, чем у вас всех.
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11 fewer
меньший; меньшеСинонимический ряд:1. less (adj.) deficient; diminished; less; lesser; lower; minor; secondary; smaller; subordinate2. more infrequent (adj.) more infrequent; more occasional; more seldom; more semioccasional; more sporadic; more uncommon; more unfrequent; rarer; scarcer -
12 -meno (less / fewer)-
Nota d'usoQuando meno è posto come aggettivo comparativo davanti a un sostantivo plurale, si traduce in inglese con fewer o, meno frequentemente, con not as many o not so many. Abbiamo preso meno voti di quattro anni fa, we got fewer votes than four years ago, we didn't get as many votes as four years ago. Tuttavia, molti parlanti madrelingua usano in questi casi less, nonostante alcuni grammatici continuino a considerare tale forma scorretta: We got less votes than four years ago.Analogamente, quando meno è aggettivo con valore di superlativo relativo, la forma più corretta è the fewest, ma molti preferiscono invece la forma the least: Qual è il candidato che ha ricevuto meno voti?, which candidate received the fewest votes?; which candidate received the least votes? -
13 the less money the fewer friends
the less money the fewer friendsquanto menos dinheiro, tanto menos amigos.English-Portuguese dictionary > the less money the fewer friends
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14 has become a third less/fewer
Общая лексика: в полтора разаУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > has become a third less/fewer
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15 the fewer the women, the less the trouble
чим менше жінок, тим менше турботEnglish-Ukrainian dictionary of proverbs > the fewer the women, the less the trouble
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16 menos
menos adverbio 1 ( comparativo) less; ya me duele menos it hurts less now; ahora lo vemos menos we don't see him so often now, we don't see so much of him now; pesa menos de 50 kilos it weighs less than o under 50 kilos; éramos menos de diez there were fewer than ten of us; los niños de menos de 7 años children under seven 2 ( superlativo) least; el que menos me gusta the one I like (the) least; se esfuerza lo menos posible he makes as little effort as possible; cuando menos lo esperaba when I was least expecting it ■ adjetivo invariable 1 ( comparativo) ( en cantidad) less; ( en número) fewer;◊ alimentos con menos fibra/calorías food with less fiber/fewer calories;hay menos errores there are fewer mistakes; mide medio metro menos it's half a meter shorter; menos estudiantes que el año pasado fewer students than last year; tengo menos tiempo que tú I haven't as o so much time as you 2 ( superlativo) ( en cantidad) least; ( en número) fewest; el que obtuvo menos votos the one who got (the) fewest votes ■ pronombre 1 ( en cantidad) less; ( en número) fewer; ya falta menos it won't be long now 2 ( en locs) a menos que unless; cuando menos at least; de menos: me dió 100 pesos de menos he gave me 100 pesos too little; me cobró de menos he undercharged me; lo menos the least; menos mal just as well, thank goodness; por lo menos at least; eso es lo de menos that's the least of my (o our etc) problems ■ preposición 1 ( excepto):◊ todos menos Alonso everybody except o but Alonso;menos estos dos, … apart from o with the exception of these two, …; tres latas de pintura, menos la que usé para la puerta three cans of paint, less what I used on the door 2b) (Esp, RPl) ( en la hora):◊ son las cinco menos diez/cuarto it's ten to five/(a) quarter to five;son menos veinte it's twenty to
menos
I adverbio
1 (en menor cantidad, grado) (con no contable) less: ayer me dolía menos, it hurt less yesterday
había menos de treinta personas, there were less than thirty people
es menos importante de lo que crees, it's less important than you think
tengo menos fuerza que antes, I have less strength than before (con contable) fewer: mi casa tiene menos habitaciones, my house has fewer rooms
2 (superlativo) least: es el menos indicado para opinar, he's the worst person to judge
3 (sobre todo) no pienso discutir, y menos contigo, I don't want to argue, especially with you
II preposición
1 but, except: vinieron todos menos uno, they all came but one
2 Mat minus: siete menos dos, seven minus two Locuciones: eso es lo de menos, that's the least of it
a menos que, unless
al o por lo menos, at least
cada vez menos, less and less
¡menos mal!, thank goodness!
nada menos que, no less o no fewer than
no ser para menos, to be the least one could do: me invitó a cenar, ¡y no era para menos!, he invited me to dinner, which was the least he could do!
venir a menos, to lose rank, fortune or position ' menos' also found in these entries: Spanish: aliviar - añorar - cachondeo - cada - cantar - contratación - cuando - echar - esquivar - estar - extrañar - gallo - hipar - historiada - historiado - indicada - indicado - infarto - los - mal - más - mucha - mucho - pensar - piedra - programa - recochineo - salva - salvo - signo - siquiera - su - tan - todavía - vez - cinco - costumbre - cuanto - cuarto - de - día - enfado - enojo - entre - esperar - estofado - mientras - mirar - momento - nada English: about - absent - agree - alone - anything - anywhere - appreciate - at - averse - barring - besides - billion - blind - blue - border - but - cackle - chalk - circuitous - conscious - delay - far - ferment - few - god - good - if - job - just - last - least - less - let - let up - mind - minus - minus sign - minute - miss - more - nothing - nowadays - of - opposed - or - pretty - put down - rate - recollect - remain -
17 Estimative quantifiers
Оценочные квантификаторы.К местоимениям - оценочным квантификаторам относятся местоимения much, many, more, most, a lot, lots, plenty, a great deal, a large number, a large amount, little, a little, less, least, few, a few, fewer, fewest.1)а) Перед существительными и местоимениями оценочные квантификаторы употребляются с предлогом of. (Исключения см. 2) а)).Could I have some more of this? — Можно мне еще немного этого (напр., блюда)?
б) Much. more, most, кроме того, употребляются с предлогом of перед собственными именами:Germany was ruined in the war — Большая часть Германии была разрушена во время войны.She wanted to see more of John — Она хотела больше видеться с Джоном.
2) much, many, more, most, little, a little, less, least, few, a few, fewer, fewest.а) Перечисленные местоимения употребляются как определения к существительному (т.е. занимают позицию прилагательного). При этом существительное обычно не имеет других зависимых (указательных местоимений, артикля):mistakes — меньше всего ошибок.students — многие студентыtime — наибольшее время, больше всего времениThere was much food for thought in the manner in which he replied — В том, как он ответил, было много пищи для размышлений.
б) Предлог of при этих местоимениях употребляется только перед существительными с артиклем, личным местоимением, притяжательным местоимением или указательным местоимением.the time — в основном, наибольшее времяthem — многие из нихBill had had little jokes with him sometimes; not that Cayley was much of a hand at joking. — Билл иногда шутил с ним; Кэли был не очень остроумен.
в) Существительное после любого из этих местоимений может быть опущено, если понятно, о чем идет речь:All the students made mistakes, but John made the most — Все ученики сделали ошибки, но Джон сделал больше всех.
I wrote dozens of books, but I don't remember many — Я написал множество книг, но многие я не помню.
Have you seen pretty girls there? - Only a few — Ты видел там хорошеньких девушек? - Совсем немного.
3) Местоимения much, more, most, less, least, a lot, a great deal могут употребляться в функции наречий:I like apples the most — Я люблю яблоки больше всего.
He expected it least of all — Он ожидал этого меньше всего.
She has changed a great deal — Она сильно изменилась.
•— more
— most
— plenty
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18 ♦ few
♦ few /fju:/A a. e pron.1 pochi, poche; scarsi, scarse: I have few friends in this town, ho pochi amici in questa città; Few words were said, sono state dette poche parole; Few know the truth, pochi sanno la verità; Few of them knew, pochi di loro lo sapevano NOTA D'USO: - meno (less / fewer)-2 – a few, alcuni, alcune; qualcuno, qualcuna; qualche (sing.): for a few minutes, per alcuni minuti; per qualche minuto; There were only a few people at the funeral, al funerale c'era solo qualche persona; in a few days, fra qualche giorno; a few of them, alcuni di loroB n.(the few) i pochi, le poche: the few I saw, i pochi che vidi● few and far between, molto infrequenti; pochissimi; rari □ a few more, degli altri; ancora: I like these apples: I'd like a few more, queste mele mi piacciono: ne vorrei delle altre □ as few as, solo; appena □ the chosen few, i pochi eletti □ every few minutes [days], a intervalli di pochi minuti [di pochi giorni]; ogni due o tre (o tre o quattro, ecc.) minuti [giorni] □ (fam.) a good few (o quite a few), un buon numero; parecchi; un bel po': DIALOGO → - Hearing from an old friend- It's been a good few years since we last spoke, hasn't it?, sono passati un bel po' di anni da quando ci siamo sentiti l'ultima volta, vero? □ (fam.) to have had a few, essere brillo; aver alzato il gomito □ to name but a few, per citarne qualcuno □ not a few, non pochi; un bel po' □ (fam.) precious few, pochissimi; ben pochi □ some few, alcuni; taluni NOTA D'USO: - less o fewer?-. -
19 little / few
1)а) Местоимение (a) little сочетается с формой единственного числа существительных (обычно неисчисляемых: см. Countable and uncountable nouns):б) Местоимение (a) few сочетается с формой множественного числа существительных (обычно исчисляемых):She bought a few apples — Она купила несколько/немного яблок.
people can play tennis perfectly — Немногие люди умеют играть в теннис в совершенстве.а) Местоимения-квантификаторы little и few (без артикля) имеют обычно отрицательный оттенок и могут означать "меньше, чем нужно", "меньше, чем ожидалось" и т.п.of us can say that they always say the truth. — Немногие из нас могут утверждать, что всегда говорят правду.But the unfortunate truth is that, though he was elected with 40 percent of the vote, Khatami has little real power. — Но, к сожалению, на самом деле, хотя Хатами и получил 40 процентов голосов, его реальная власть невелика.
б) A little, a few (употребленные с артиклем) отрицательного оттенка не имеют; могут означать "немного, некоторое количество".You don't need to buy anything, I've got a few potatoes and some bread. — Не нужно ничего покупать, у меня есть немного картошки и хлеба.
3) Местоимения little и few (без артикля) звучат довольно формально. В повседневной речи вместо них предпочтительны выражения not much, only a few (little) и т.п.of his friends came to see him off — Немногие из его друзей пришли проводить его.4) Местоимение (a) little может сочетаться с формами сравнительной степени прилагательных и наречий: см. Comparative degree: adjectives, 4.Could you speak a little louder, please? — Вы не могли бы говорить немножко погромче?
5) Выражение quite a few (разг.) имеет значение "довольно много", "достаточно":He's got quite a few friends in the neighbourhood. — У него довольно много друзей по соседству.
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20 Quantities
Note the use of en (of it or of them) in the following examples. This word must be included when the thing you are talking about is not expressed (the French says literally there is of it a lot, there is of it two kilos, I have of them a lot etc.). However, en is not needed when the commodity is specified e.g. there is a lot of butter = il y a beaucoup de beurre.how much is there?= combien y en a-t-il?there’s a lot= il y en a beaucoup*there’s not much= il n’y en a pas beaucoupthere’s two kilos= il y en a deux kiloshow much sugar have you got?= combien de sucre as-tu?I’ve got a lot= j’en ai beaucoupI’ve not got much= je n’en ai pas beaucoupI’ve got two kilos= j’en ai deux kiloshow many are there?= combien y en a-t-il?there are a lot= il y en a beaucoupthere aren’t many= il n’y en a pas beaucoupthere are twenty= il y en a vingthow many apples have you?= combien de pommes as-tu? or tu as combien de pommes?I’ve got a lot= j’en ai beaucoupI haven’t many= je n’en ai pas beaucoupI’ve got twenty= j’en ai vingtA has got more than B= A en a plus que BA has got more money than B= A a plus d’argent que Bmuch more than= beaucoup plus quea little more than= un peu plus queA has got more apples than B= A a plus de pommes que Bmany more apples than B= beaucoup plus de pommes que Ba few more apples than B= quelques pommes de plus que Ba few more people than yesterday= quelques personnes de plus qu’hierB has got less money than A= B a moins d’argent que AB has got less than A= B en a moins que Amuch less than= beaucoup moins quea little less than= un peu moins queB has got fewer than A= B en a moins que AB has got fewer apples than A= B a moins de pommes que Amany fewer than= beaucoup moins queRelative quantitieshow many are there to the kilo?= combien y en a-t-il au kilo?there are ten to the kilo= il y en a dix au kiloyou can count six to the kilo= il faut en compter six au kilohow many do you get for ten francs?= combien peut-on en avoir pour dix francs?you get five for ten francs= il y en a cinq pour dix francshow much does it cost a litre?= combien coûte le litre?it costs £5 a litre= ça coûte cinq livres le litrehow much do apples cost a kilo?= combien coûte le kilo de pommes?apples cost ten francs a kilo= les pommes coûtent dix francs le kilohow much does it cost a metre?= combien coûte le mètre?how much does your car do to the gallon?= combien consomme votre voiture?it does 28 miles to the gallon= elle fait dix litres aux cent(Note that the French calculate petrol consumption in litres per 100 km. To convert mpg to litres per 100 km and vice versa, simply divide 280 by the known figure.)how many glasses do you get to the bottle?= combien y a-t-il de verres par bouteille?you get six glasses to the bottle= il y a six verres par bouteille
См. также в других словарях:
less — fewer, less As a general guide, fewer is used with plural nouns (fewer books, fewer people) and indicates number, whereas less is used with singular nouns and indicates amount (less money / less happiness). However, there is an extensive no man s … Modern English usage
fewer — fewer, less As a general guide, fewer is used with plural nouns (fewer books, fewer people) and indicates number, whereas less is used with singular nouns and indicates amount (less money / less happiness). However, there is an extensive no man s … Modern English usage
less — adj Less, Lesser, smaller, fewer are comparable terms that approach each other in meaning but are not synonyms and are rarely interchangeable. Less means not as much, especially in degree, value, or amount, and its opposite is usually more. It… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
less — ► DETERMINER & PRONOUN 1) a smaller amount of; not as much. 2) fewer in number. ► ADVERB ▪ to a smaller extent; not so much. ► PREPOSITION ▪ minus. USAGE On the difference in use between less and … English terms dictionary
less — 1. pronoun the fare is less than $1 Syn: a smaller amount than, not so/as much as, under, below Ant: more 2. adjective there was less noise now Syn: not so much, smaller, slighter, shorter, reduced; fewer … Thesaurus of popular words
fewer, less — In the first four months of the year Rome s tourists were 700,000 less than in the corresponding period last year (Guardian). Probably no other pair of words causes more problems, and with less justification, than less and fewer. The… … Dictionary of troublesome word
less */*/*/ — UK [les] / US adverb, determiner, preposition, pronoun Summary: Less is the comparative form of the function word little and can be used in the following ways: as a determiner (before a noun): Eat less fat. ♦ Schools put less emphasis on being… … English dictionary
fewer vs less — Everyone gets this wrong including native speakers. The general rule is to use fewer for things you can count (individually), and less for things you can only measure For example: There were fewer people in the class than usual. (People can … English dictionary of common mistakes and confusing words
fewer vs less — Everyone gets this wrong including native speakers. The general rule is to use fewer for things you can count (individually), and less for things you can only measure For example: There were fewer people in the class than usual. (People can … English dictionary of common mistakes and confusing words
less — I. adjective, comparative of (I)little Etymology: Middle English, partly from Old English lǣs, adverb & noun; partly from lǣssa, adjective; akin to Old Frisian lēs less Date: before 12th century 1. constituting a more limited number or amount … New Collegiate Dictionary
less — determiner & pronoun 1》 a smaller amount of; not as much. 2》 fewer in number. adverb to a smaller extent; not so much. preposition minus. adjective archaic of lower rank or importance: James the Less. Origin OE lssa, of Gmc origin. Usage On the… … English new terms dictionary
